The efficacy of combined use of tuberculin and BCG vaccine (tuberculin-BCG-therapy) given to 70 patients with new-onset and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis was compared to that of BCG treatment only received by 24 patients. Bacterial discharge and caverns were registered in 80 and 78 patients, respectively. 25 patients underwent stimulating, 37, 8 paradoxical tuberculin-BCG-therapy. BCG vaccine (1-4 injections) was given 2 weeks after the course of individual tuberculin therapy with the low efficacy of the latter. Tuberculin-BCG-therapy produced marked response in 52 patients against 11 responses on BCG only, increased the number of T-lymphocytes and T-helpers. It is concluded that the above combination improves regulation of an immune response by cellular mechanisms.