There have been 108 deaths from mesothelioma of the pleura or peritoneum in Plymouth and the immediate neighborhood as of mid-1978. Ninety-six deaths have been associated with work at the Devonport Dockyard, 53 of which represented men employed at the dockyard in 1966. Occupational mesothelioma rates were similar to those recorded in London asbestos textile workers. Above average rates in this study were observed in laggers, boilermakers, painters, welders and burners, and shipwrights. In addition to mesothelioma in other men with neighborhood exposure at work, cases have occurred in men whose only exposure has been to the environment within the walls of the dockyard, outside ships and workshops where asbestos has been handled. No case has been seen in indoor office workers. There is no evidence of any increase in risk to the population of Plymouth outside the dockyard.