The authors report on the presence and classification of Leptotrix vaginalis in the vaginal flora of 150 women and compare cytologic and cultural data. This microorganism was detected in 7 cases through observation of stained smears (Papanicolaou's method). But the cultural examination in many elective media showed different microbic forms in 5 cases and mycetes in two cases only. The authors conclude that the observation of the vaginal fluor, fresh or in preparations stained according to Papanicolaou's method, is insufficient to identify this germ. The smear should always be supplemented by the cultural examination.