The authors have tested serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, with the plasmatic levels of Antithrombin III and other parameters (Quick time, PTT, fibrinogenaemia and platelets) in patients affected by chronic obstructive arterious diseases in various stages including a group of patients affected by diabetes mellitus. The results show that there is a correlation between the behaviour of the parameter tested and the follow-up of the diseases, particularly for HDL and LDL cholesterol and Antithrombin III. The authors suggest the use of these tests for monitoring this kind of vascular peripheral diseases.