Four hundred and fifteen cells were recorded in the binocular segment of the visual cortex in the albino rat. Cells encountered were mainly dominated by the contralateral eye. The percentage of binocularly-driven cells increased as the electrode was moved towards the border between areas 17 and 18a. Ninety percent of the cells studied in the region of the border could be driven by electrical stimulation applied at the corresponding site in the opposite hemisphere. Within area 17, however, there were only about 30% of such cells. Through the combined use of electrical stimulation and reversible cortical cooling, two types of contributions by callosal fibres were revealed. One is that the callosal fibres constitute the only inputs from the ipsilateral eye to a cell. The other is that the callosal input provides ipsilateral reinforcement to a binocular cell. These results are compatible with neuroanatomical findings and show that binocularity of visual cortical cells in this animal depends, to a great degree, on the function of callosal fibres.