To ascertain the morbidity, outcome, and prediction of survival of infants weighing less than 800 gm at birth, we reviewed all newborn and follow-up records for this group who were treated at The Medical Center between 1978 and 1981. Of the 71 infants in this category, 12 survived and underwent comprehensive evaluations between six and 36 months of age. Nine of the 12 infants had no abnormalities on neurologic examination; ten had developmental quotients greater than 70; one was severely visually impaired; and three had evidence of growth retardation. Factors correlating with nonsurvival included a birth weight of less than 700 gm, asphyxia, fused eyelids, hypothermia, and male sex. We conclude that, although mortality is high, survivors can have a satisfactory outcome.