Experiments were carried out on 240 August and Wistar rats. It was shown that renal reperfusion after 2 h of ischemia, performed following 24-hour inhalation by the animals of a gas hypoxic mixture (GHM) with 10 to 12% O2, increased the survival rate of the rats and accelerated the resynthesis of adenine nucleotides by the kidneys as compared with analogous characteristics during reperfusion paralleled by inhalation of air or oxygen. The protective effect of GHM inhalation on renal function and metabolism was approximately the same as the protective action of high doses (240 mg/kg) of the antioxidant ionol. The experiments confirm the role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of reoxygenation injuries and the protective effect of GHM inhalation in the early period of reperfusion.