Solid nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery systems are usually confined to nanoscale due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. However, they remain a great challenge for malignant glioma chemotherapy because of poor drug delivery efficiency and insufficient tumor penetration resulting from the blood-brain barrier/blood-brain tumor barrier (BBB/BBTB). Inspired by biological microparticles (e.g., cells) with excellent adaptive deformation, we demonstrate that the adaptive microdrugs (even up to 3.0 μm in size) are more efficient than their nanodrugs (less than 200 nm in size) to cross BBB/BBTB and penetrate into tumor tissues, achieving highly efficient chemotherapy of malignant glioma. The distinct delivery of the adaptive microdrugs is mainly attributed to the enhanced interfacial binding and endocytosis via adaptive deformation. As expected, the obtained adaptive microdrugs exhibited enhanced accumulation, deep penetration, and cellular internalization into tumor tissues in comparison with nanodrugs, significantly improving the survival rate of glioblastoma mice. We believe that the bioinspired adaptive microdrugs enable them to efficiently cross physiological barriers and deeply penetrate tumor tissues for drug delivery, providing an avenue for the treatment of solid tumors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: adaptive microdrugs; bioinspired materials; deformation; drug delivery; glioblastoma chemotherapy.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.