Effectiveness of IMPUTE ADT-1 mobile application in children with autism spectrum disorder: An interim analysis of an ongoing randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objectives: IMPUTE Inc., a software firm dedicated to healthcare technology, has developed a mobile medical application known as IMPUTE ADT-1 for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on the principle of applied behavior analysis.

Materials and methods: The primary objective of this trial was to compare the efficacy of add-on treatment with IMPUTE ADT-1 in children with ASD aged two to six years as compared to standard care alone for 12 weeks (in terms of change in Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule [ADOS-2] scores). The secondary objective of the study was to assess the compliance with IMPUTE ADT-1 among participants and also to evaluate the feedback of parents regarding IMPUTE ADT-1 at the end of 12 weeks. The application provides personalized programs tailored to each user's needs, and the program evolves based on the user's progress. It also utilizes face tracking, eye tracking, and body tracking to gather behavior-related information for each child and apply it in reinforcement learning employing artificial intelligence-based algorithms.

Results: Till the time of interim analysis, 37 and 33 children had completed 12-week follow-up in IMPUTE ADT-1 and control arm. At 12 weeks, as compared to baseline, change in social affect domain, repetitive ritualistic behavior domain, total ADOS-2 score, and ADOS-2 comparison score was better in the intervention group as compared to the control group (P < 0.001 for all). A total of 30 (81%), 28 (75%), and 29 (78%) caregivers in the IMPUTE ADT-1 group believed that the ADT-1 app improved their child's verbal skills, social skills, and reduced repetitive behavior, respectively.

Conclusion: IMPUTE ADT-1 mobile application has the efficacy to improve the severity of autism symptoms in children. Parents of these children also feel that the application is beneficial for improving the socialization and verbal communication of their children.

Keywords: Applied behavior analysis; Artificial intelligence; Autism; Mobile technology; Neurodevelopmental disorders.