Serum NPTX2 as a Potential Predictive Biomarker for Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Wenxue Liu; Yapeng Wang; Yi Jiang; Shan Lu; Jiawei Zhu; Yuhuan Tian; Jun Pan; Zhenjun Xu; Dongjin Wang

doi:10.2147/NDT.S459892

Serum NPTX2 as a Potential Predictive Biomarker for Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2024 May 9:20:979-987. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S459892. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Wenxue Liu¹, Yapeng Wang², Yi Jiang², Shan Lu¹, Jiawei Zhu³, Yuhuan Tian², Jun Pan¹, Zhenjun Xu¹, Dongjin Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) significantly impacts patient outcomes after acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgeries. This study investigates the role of Neuronal Pentraxin 2 (NPTX2) as a potential biomarker for POD in ATAAD patients.

Methods: This secondary analysis involved ATAAD patients from a prospective observational study. Serum NPTX2 levels were measured preoperatively and immediately postoperatively using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) or CAM for the ICU (CAM-ICU). Statistical analyses included the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the association between NPTX2 levels and POD.

Results: Among the 62 patients included, 46.77% developed POD. Patients with POD had significantly lower preoperative and postoperative serum NPTX2 levels. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that postoperative NPTX2 had a strong predictive capability for POD (AUC = 0.895). The optimal cutoff for postoperative NPTX2 in predicting POD was less than 421.4 pg/mL. Preoperative NPTX2 also demonstrated predictive value, albeit weaker (AUC = 0.683).

Conclusion: Serum NPTX2 levels, both preoperatively and postoperatively, are promising biomarkers for predicting POD in ATAAD patients. These findings suggest that NPTX2 could be instrumental in early POD detection and intervention strategies.

Keywords: NPTX2; acute type a aortic dissection; biomarker; postoperative delirium.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82301368) and funding for Clinical Trials from the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University (2023-LCYJ-PY-21, 2021-LCYJ-PY-18).