Self-Efficacy's Mediating Role in the Relationship Between Self-Perceived Burden and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older-Adult Inpatients in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the current state of self-efficacy and the association between self-perceived burden (SPB) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Chinese older-adult inpatients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to survey Chinese older-adult inpatients. Data regarding demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, SPB, and HRQoL were collected. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations among the research variables. SPSS^® Statistics V26.0, and SPSS^® PROCESS Macro Model 4 were used to analyze the available data. The bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating role of self-efficacy.

Results: Survey participants included 514 older-adult inpatients, with a mean age of 72.28±5.58 years. Self-efficacy (r=0.471, p<0.01) was positively correlated with HRQoL, whereas self-efficacy (r=-0.891, p<0.01) and HRQoL (r=-0.516, p<0.01) were negatively correlated with SPB. The mediating effect analysis revealed that self-efficacy either completely or partially mediated the effect of SPB on HRQoL, with the indirect effect accounting for 30.2% of the total.

Conclusion: This study provides a mediating model suggesting that SPB exerts both direct and indirect effects on the HRQoL of older-adult inpatients through self-efficacy.

Keywords: Chinese; aging; health-related quality of life; mediating effects; negative emotions; self-efficacy.