Predictors associated with an increase in daily steps among people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes participating in a two-year pedometer intervention

Kristina Larsson; Jenny Rossen; Åsa Norman; Unn-Britt Johansson; Maria Hagströmer

doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18766-6

Predictors associated with an increase in daily steps among people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes participating in a two-year pedometer intervention

BMC Public Health. 2024 May 11;24(1):1290. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18766-6.

Authors

Kristina Larsson¹, Jenny Rossen², Åsa Norman³, Unn-Britt Johansson^{2

4}, Maria Hagströmer^{2

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Box 5605, Stockholm, 114 86, Sweden. Kristina.larsson@shh.se.
² Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Box 5605, Stockholm, 114 86, Sweden.
³ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁵ Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁶ Academic Primary Care Center, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to explore predictors associated with intermediate (six months) and post-intervention (24 months) increases in daily steps among people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes participating in a two-year pedometer intervention.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted based on data from people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes from two intervention arms of the randomised controlled trial Sophia Step Study. Daily steps were measured with an ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer. Participants were divided into two groups based on their response to the intervention: Group 1) ≥ 500 increase in daily steps or Group 2) a decrease or < 500 increase in daily steps. Data from baseline and from six- and 24-month follow-ups were used for analysis. The response groups were used as outcomes in a multiple logistic regression together with baseline predictors including self-efficacy, social support, health-related variables, intervention group, demographics and steps at baseline. Predictors were included in the regression if they had a p-value < 0.2 from bivariate analyses.

Results: In total, 83 participants were included. The mean ± SD age was 65.2 ± 6.8 years and 33% were female. At six months, a lower number of steps at baseline was a significant predictor for increasing ≥ 500 steps per day (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.98). At 24 months, women had 79% lower odds of increasing ≥ 500 steps per day (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.88), compared to men. For every year of increase in age, the odds of increasing ≥ 500 steps per day decreased by 13% (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.97). Also, for every step increase in baseline self-efficacy, measured with the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, the odds of increasing ≥ 500 steps per day increased by 14% (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27).

Conclusions: In the Sophia Step Study pedometer intervention, participants with a lower number of steps at baseline, male gender, lower age or higher baseline self-efficacy were more likely to respond to the intervention with a step increase above 500 steps per day. More knowledge is needed about factors that influence response to pedometer interventions.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02374788.

Keywords: Intervention; Prediabetes; Response; Steps; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

Accelerometry
Aged
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Prediabetic State* / therapy
Self Efficacy
Walking* / statistics & numerical data

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02374788