Burden of Infection in Patients With and Without Secondary Immunodeficiency Disease Following Diagnosis of a Mature B Cell Malignancy

Joshua Richter; Matthew S Davids; Colin Anderson-Smits; Marta Kamieniak; Kaili Ren; Michael Hull; Jasjit K Multani; Drishti Shah; Csaba Siffel

doi:10.1016/j.clml.2024.04.002

Burden of Infection in Patients With and Without Secondary Immunodeficiency Disease Following Diagnosis of a Mature B Cell Malignancy

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2024 Apr 10:S2152-2650(24)00150-2. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.04.002. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Joshua Richter¹, Matthew S Davids², Colin Anderson-Smits³, Marta Kamieniak³, Kaili Ren³, Michael Hull⁴, Jasjit K Multani⁴, Drishti Shah³, Csaba Siffel⁵

Affiliations

¹ Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
² Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
³ Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
⁴ IQVIA, Falls Church, VA.
⁵ Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA; College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. Electronic address: csaba.siffel@takeda.com.

PMID: 38734499
DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.04.002

Abstract

Background: This retrospective cohort study compared patient characteristics and burden of infection in patients with mature B cell malignancies with and without secondary immunodeficiency disease (SID).

Patients and methods: Data were extracted from the Humedica database (H-DB) and Guardian Research Network (GRN) database from October 1, 2015 to March 10, 2020, including a 6-month pre-index period (PIP) and 12-month follow-up. Patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, multiple myeloma, or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the PIP were stratified into 2 cohorts: SID (hypogammaglobulinemia [using ICD-10-CM codes] or serum IgG levels <5.0 g/L, both with signs and symptoms of SID or at least 1 infection) and no-SID. Patients with SID or primary immunodeficiency diseases in the PIP were excluded.

Results: Overall, 2221 patients with SID (H-DB/GRN: n = 1959/262), and 19,141 patients without SID (n = 17,598/1543) were included. Baseline characteristics were similar across cohorts. At 12-month follow-up, significantly more patients with SID had experienced ≥1 infection and ≥1 severe bacterial infection than those without SID (both P < .001). H-DB/GRN mean (standard deviation) number of severe bacterial infections was 7.6 (9.9)/2.9 (2.7) for the SID cohort versus 5.2 (6.8)/2.4 (2.2) for the no-SID cohort.

Conclusion: This study confirms that patients with mature B cell malignancies and SID face a significantly higher burden of infections than those without SID.

Keywords: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Mortality; Multiple myeloma; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.