Green and efficient extraction of flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Process optimization, component identification, and biological activity

Ziwen Wang; Dongdong Wang; Jiaxuan Fang; Zixin Song; Jiman Geng; Jianfei Zhao; Yifan Fang; Changtao Wang; Meng Li

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508

Green and efficient extraction of flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Process optimization, component identification, and biological activity

Food Chem. 2024 Apr 28:452:139508. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ziwen Wang¹, Dongdong Wang², Jiaxuan Fang¹, Zixin Song¹, Jiman Geng¹, Jianfei Zhao¹, Yifan Fang¹, Changtao Wang¹, Meng Li¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
² School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. Electronic address: wdd@btbu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38733681
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508

Abstract

In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) was used to extract flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves. Of 10 tested NaDESs, that comprising D-(+)-glucose and glycerol exhibited the best total flavonoid extraction rate. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for extraction modeling and optimization, and the total flavonoid content reached 87.48 ± 1.61 mg RE/g DW, which was a significant increase of 5.36% compared with that of 80% ethanol extraction. Morphological changes in P. frutescens leaves before and after extraction were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the mechanism of NaDES formation was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, 10 flavonoids were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In addition, the NaDES extract had better biological activity according to five kinds of antioxidant capacity measurements, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and hyaluronidase (Hyal) inhibition experiments. Moreover, the stability test revealed that the total flavonoid loss rate of the NaDES extract after four weeks was 37.75% lower than that of the ethanol extract. These results indicate that the NaDES can effectively extract flavonoids from P. frutescens leaves and provide a reference for further applications in the food, medicine, health product and cosmetic industries.

Keywords: Flavonoids; Green extraction; Natural deep eutectic solvents; Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.; Response surface methodology; UPLC-Q-TOF-MS; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction.