A novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of metronidazole residues in food samples

Wondimeneh Dubale Adane; Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi; Merid Tessema

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142279

A novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of metronidazole residues in food samples

Chemosphere. 2024 May 7:359:142279. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142279. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Wondimeneh Dubale Adane¹, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi², Merid Tessema³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
² Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Electronic address: bscv2006@yahoo.com.
³ Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Electronic address: tessemamerid@yahoo.com.

PMID: 38723687
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142279

Abstract

The widespread use and misuse of antibiotics in pharmaceuticals and animal farming has resulted in their accumulation in food sources and the environment, posing significant threats to human health, the environment, and the global economy. In this study, we have developed a hypersensitive, and ultra-selective electrochemical sensor, the first of its kind, by integrating a thermally annealed gold-silver alloy nanoporous matrix (TA-Au-Ag-ANpM) with reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) and poly(glycine) at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). This sensor aims to detect life-threatening metronidazole (MTZ) residues in food samples. TA-Au-Ag-ANpM/r-GO/poly(glycine)/GCE was thoroughly characterized using a range of analytical techniques, including UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. Furthermore, its electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sensor exhibited outstanding performance, with a broad linear range of 2.0 pM-410 μM. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 0.0312 pM and 0.104 pM, respectively. The TA-Au-Ag-ANpM/r-GO/poly(glycine)/GCE exhibited exceptional reproducibility, repeatability, stability, and resistance to interferences. Moreover, the sensor demonstrated outstanding performance in detecting MTZ residues in milk powder, pork, and chicken meat samples, achieving very good recoveries (96.9%-101.4%) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 5%. This performance highlights the potential for practical applications in food safety and quality monitoring. Therefore, the developed sensor contributes to the advancement of electrochemical sensing technology and its application in ensuring food safety and integrity by combating antibiotic residues.

Keywords: Antibiotic residues; Electrochemical sensor; Metronidazole; Reduced graphene oxide; Thermally annealed gold–silver alloy nanoporous matrices.