Antillean contaminated soils amendment with microwave prepared sargassum biochar: A promising solution to reduce chlordecone transfer to laying hens and piglets?

Perrine Stephan; Sarra Gaspard; Maguy Dulormne; Marckens Francoeur; Stacy Melyon; Pamela Hartmeyer; Guido Rychen; Matthieu Delannoy

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142282

Antillean contaminated soils amendment with microwave prepared sargassum biochar: A promising solution to reduce chlordecone transfer to laying hens and piglets?

Chemosphere. 2024 May 6:359:142282. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142282. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Perrine Stephan¹, Sarra Gaspard², Maguy Dulormne³, Marckens Francoeur², Stacy Melyon², Pamela Hartmeyer⁴, Guido Rychen⁴, Matthieu Delannoy⁴

Affiliations

¹ Université de Lorraine, INRAE, L2A, F-54000 Nancy, France. Electronic address: perrine.stephan@univ-lorraine.fr.
² Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Université des Antilles UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles Campus de Fouillole BP 250, 97157, POINTE- A -PITRE, Guadeloupe, France.
³ UMR EcoFoG, Université des Antilles, CNRS, CIRAD, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Site de Guadeloupe, Campus de Fouillole BP 250, 97157, POINTE- A -PITRE, Guadeloupe, France.
⁴ Université de Lorraine, INRAE, L2A, F-54000 Nancy, France.

PMID: 38719120
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142282

Abstract

The use of Sargassum spp., a brown invasive algae, for the production of biochars (BCs) or activated carbons (ACs) and their efficiency to sequestrate chlordecone (CLD) in soil has been recently suggested. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of microwave prepared Sargasso biochar (BCS) amendment in Andosol on the bioavailability of chlordecone in laying hens and piglets, when exposed to this matrix. The efficiency of BCS was compared to a commercial activated carbon, DARCO® (ACD), used as a positive control and to an unamended soil. Samples of CLD-contaminated Andosol were amended with 2% of each carbonaceous matrix and let maturing for 3 months. Thereafter, adequate doses of soil were administered into the laying hens and piglets diets every day during the exposure phase, to simulate involuntary soil ingestion which may happen in practical conditions when animals are reared outside. Finally, bioavailability tests were carried out on target tissue (liver, muscle, adipose tissues and egg yolk). The results showed that the highest reduction of CLD bioavailability was obtained with ACD in both animal species. For laying hens, ACD showed reductions of around 60% (liver: 59%, muscle: 57% and egg yolk: 56%) whereas the BCS showed reduction of around 30% (liver: 31%, muscle: 26% and egg yolk: 30%) compared to the unamended soil. For piglets, only the liver showed interpretable results with reduction of 65% with ACD and 41% with BCS. Overall, BCS is efficient reducing CLD availability but in a lower extend than ACD. This discrepancy may be explained by the variations of physico-chemical characteristics that exist between the two matrices, resulting, from the additional activation phase for DARCO®. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of BCS it would be interesting to move towards DARCO® characteristics by determining out the optimal microwave pyrolysis parameters.

Keywords: Activated carbon; Bioavailability; Biochar; Chlordecone; Microwave pyrolysis; Sargassum.