Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Imaging, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

Tex Heart Inst J. 2024 Apr 30;51(1):e238256. doi: 10.14503/THIJ-23-8256.

Abstract

Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly with an incidence of 0.008% to 0.043%. Its clinical course varies depending on cusp anatomy, function, and associated cardiac malformations. It frequently progresses to aortic valve regurgitation that may require surgical valve replacement. Detection has shifted from incidental discovery during autopsies or cardiac surgeries in the early 20th century to various cardiac imaging methods in recent decades. In addition to contributing to the literature, this report supports the use of transesophageal echocardiography more liberally to detect aortic valve abnormalities. The case presents a 48-year-old female patient with an incidentally discovered quadricuspid aortic valve.

Keywords: Quadricuspid aortic valve; aortic valve insufficiency; echocardiography, transesophageal.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency* / diagnosis
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency* / etiology
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
  • Aortic Valve* / abnormalities
  • Aortic Valve* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve* / surgery
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal* / methods
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / diagnosis
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / surgery
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
  • Humans
  • Incidental Findings*
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests