Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cirsium Congestum Extract Modified by Chitosan/Alginate: Bactericidal Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria and Cytotoxicity Analysis in Normal Cell Line

Mahnaz Mohtasham; Alieh Rezagholizade-Shirvan; Zahra Hojat Bonab; Mohammad Reza Amiryousefi; Majid Darroudi; Mobina Sadat Ahmadi Solimani; Sajad Yaghoobi; Samaneh Dolatabadi; Ahmad Ghasemi; Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni

doi:10.2174/0113816128304460240408085736

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cirsium Congestum Extract Modified by Chitosan/Alginate: Bactericidal Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria and Cytotoxicity Analysis in Normal Cell Line

Curr Pharm Des. 2024 Apr 24. doi: 10.2174/0113816128304460240408085736. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
² Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
³ Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Science, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran.
⁴ Nuclear Medicine Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.
⁵ Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
⁶ Department of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
⁷ Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
⁸ Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.

PMID: 38661036
DOI: 10.2174/0113816128304460240408085736

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to determine in vitro pharmacological effects of modified Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Background: AgNPs are considered antimicrobial agents. However, the cytotoxicity of chemically synthesized AgNPs (cAgNPs) has raised challenges that limit their use.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effects of AgNPs synthesized using Cirsium congestum extract modified by chitosan/alginate AgNPS (Ch/ALG-gAgNPs).

Methods: Nanoparticles were characterized using TEM, DLS, XRD, and FTIR. Resistant strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were used for the antimicrobial analysis of Ch/ALG-gAgNPs using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The effects of NPs on cell viability and apoptosis in L929 normal cells were determined using MTT assay and annexin/PI staining, respectively.

Results: Physicochemical characterizations confirmed Ch/ALG-gAgNPs to be spherical and uniformly dispersed, and their size ranged from 50 to 500 nm. Ch/ALG-gAgNPs inhibited the growth of microbial strains in a dose-dependent manner. The antibacterial effect of Ch/ALG-gAgNPs was significantly higher than cAgNPs. The Ch/ALG-gAgNPs showed little cytotoxicity against normal cells at concentrations less than 50 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity effects of Ch/ALG-gAgNP were less than cAgNPs. Flow cytometry and real-time PCR results showed a decrease in apoptosis percentage and BAX marker in the presence of Ch/ALG-gAgNPs relative to when the cell was treated with cAgNPs.

Conclusion: Current findings introduce novel gAgNPs modified with chitosan/alginate for use in medicine.

Keywords: Green synthesis; alginate; antibacterial activity; cell apoptosis.; chitosan; cytotoxicity.