Objective: To investigate the production of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) in periodontitis patients and its effectiveness as a new diagnostic marker for periodontitis.
Subjects and methods: In vitro experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts via quantitative real-time PCR. In vivo experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 localization in periodontitis patients. The correlation between the serum LRG1 levels and alveolar bone resorption in the mouse periodontitis model was also investigated.
Results: A positive correlation existed between the periodontal inflamed surface area and serum LRG1 levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: 0.60). LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts was upregulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulation or tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation. Interleukin-6 in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts induced the production of LRG1 and transforming growth factor-β. LRG1 levels in the periodontal tissue and serum in the periodontitis model were higher than those in control mice. LRG1 local administration resulted in alveolar bone resorption, whereas the administration of interleukin-6R antibody inhibited bone resorption.
Conclusions: LRG1 levels in serum and periodontal tissue are upregulated in periodontitis and are implicated in periodontal tissue destruction through interleukin-6 production.
Keywords: Porphyromonas gingivalis; IL‐6; bone resorption; leucine‐rich alpha‐2‐glycoprotein 1.
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