Evaluation of stripe rust resistance and genome-wide association study in wheat varieties derived from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

Zhonghao Gao; Xin Wang; Yunxiang Li; Wanwei Hou; Xiaojuan Zhang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1377253

Evaluation of stripe rust resistance and genome-wide association study in wheat varieties derived from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

Front Plant Sci. 2024 Apr 9:15:1377253. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1377253. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Zhonghao Gao^#¹, Xin Wang^#¹, Yunxiang Li¹, Wanwei Hou^{2

3}, Xiaojuan Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China.
² Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China.
³ National Crop Germplasm Resources Duplicate, Xining, Qinghai, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

159 wheat varieties obtained from ICARDA, CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 were used to evaluate the stripe rust resistance in this study. Seedling resistance was carried out in the green house at the two-leaf stage. Adult-plant resistance was carried out between 2022 and 2023 in Xining and Guide, respectively. A total of 24,151 high-quality SNP loci were obtained from a 55K SNP chip data. Genome-wide association study was carried out between SNP loci and stripe rust resistance. Seedling resistance screening revealed that 91.8% (146) of wheat varieties were resistant to CYR32 and CYR33, while only 49.7% (79) of wheat varieties were resistant to CYR34. Adult-plant resistance showed 153 (96.2%) germplasms represented resistance in 2022, while only 85 (53.4%) showed resistance in 2023. An association study using the 55K SNP chip data results combined with disease ratings of 159 materials at both the seedling and adult stages discovered 593 loci related to stripe rust resistance (P ≤ 0.0001). These loci exhibited contribution rates ranging from 11.1% to 18.7%. Among them, 71 were significantly related to resistance against CYR32 at the seedling stage, with a contribution rate of 12.7%-17.2%. Constituting the vast majority, 518 loci distributed across 21 chromosomes were significantly related to CYR33 at the seedling stage, with a contribution rate of 12.6%-18.7%. Fewer loci were found to be associated with disease resistance in adult plants. In E1 environment, a sole locus was detected on chromosome 2B with a contribution rate of 14.4%. In E2 environment, however, exhibited three loci across chromosomes 2B, 4A, and 7B with contribution rates ranging from 11.1% to 16.9%. A total of 68 multi-effect loci were significantly related to resistance against both CYR32 and CYR33 at the seedling stage, and one stable locus was significantly associated with stripe rust resistance at the adult plant stage.

Keywords: 55K SNP; ICARDA; genome-wide association study; stripe rust; wheat varieties.

Associated data

Dryad/10.5061/dryad.4xgxd25ht

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the project number is 32060612 which was applied for by the corresponding author Zhang.