To investigate and analyze the relationship between body composition components, including Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, and visceral fat index, and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels in patients diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how various aspects of body composition impact AMH levels. This study enrolled 167 women with PCOS of reproductive age. Serum AMH level and body composition were measured, and the correlation between body composition elements and AMH levels was analyzed. AMH level was negatively correlated with body weight, BMI, fat-free mass, body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, and visceral fat level (P < 0.01). And negatively correlated with skeletal muscle ratio ( P = 0.003). AMH level remained significantly associated with BMI ( P = 0.028), body fat percentage ( P = 0.040), waist-hip ratio (P = 0.003), and visceral fat level ( P = 0.040) after age was included and a multiple linear regression model was established. After adjusting for age, BMI was still significantly associated with AMH (P = 0.029). At the same time, there was no obvious linear correlation between BSA and AMH. The results showed that AMH levels were significantly different among the three groups (9.53 ± 5.12 vs 6.98 ± 3.35 vs 6.38 ± 3.38, P < 0.001; ng/mL). The level of AMH in the non-central obesity group was higher than that in the central obesity group (9.68 ± 5.22vs7.09 ± 3.83, P < 0.001; ng/mL). In PCOS patients, those who are more obese have lower AMH levels, indicating poorer Ovarian Reserve. BMI may independently affect AMH levels, apart from age, BSA, and other factors. Ovarian function in centrally obese patients is poorer than in those with non-central obesity.
Keywords: Anti-Mullerian mormone; Body composition analysis; Ovarian reserve; Polycystic ovary syndrome.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Reproductive Investigation.