MELK aggravates lung adenocarcinoma by regulating EZH2 ubiquitination and H3K27me3 histone methylation of LATS2

Abstract

We tried to elucidate the possible roles of maternal embryonic leucine pull chain kinase (MELK) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth and metastasis. Differentially expressed genes in LUAD samples were analysed by the GEPIA database. Clinical tissue samples and cells were collected for MELK, EZH2 and LATS2 expression determination. Co-IP assay was used to verify the interaction between EZH2 and MELK; CHX tracking assay and ubiquitination assay detected the degradation of MELK on EZH2 ubiquitination. ChIP assay detected the enrichment of EZH2 and H3K27me3 on the LATS2 promoter region. LUAD cells were selected for in vitro validation, and the tumorigenic ability of LUAD cells was also observed in a transplantation tumour model of LUAD nude mice. MELK and EZH2 were highly expressed in LUAD samples, while LATS2 was lowly expressed. MELK interacted with EZH2 to inhibit its ubiquitination degradation; EZH2 elevated H3K27me3 modification in the LATS2 promoter to lower LATS2 expression. Silencing MELK or EZH2 or overexpressing LATS2 restrained LUAD cell proliferation and invasion, and facilitated their apoptosis. Silencing MELK or EZH2 or overexpressing LATS2 suppressed tumour formation in nude mice. This study demonstrated that MELK aggravated LUAD by upregulating EZH2 and downregulating LATS2.

Keywords: EZH2; H3K27me3; LATS2; MELK; degradation; lung adenocarcinoma; methylation modification; proliferation invasion; ubiquitination.