Redox signaling and skeletal muscle adaptation during aerobic exercise

Yingsong Zhou; Xuan Zhang; Julien S Baker; Gareth W Davison; Xiaojun Yan

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109643

Redox signaling and skeletal muscle adaptation during aerobic exercise

iScience. 2024 Mar 29;27(5):109643. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109643. eCollection 2024 May 17.

Authors

Yingsong Zhou¹, Xuan Zhang², Julien S Baker³, Gareth W Davison⁴, Xiaojun Yan⁵

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
² School of Wealth Management, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, China.
³ Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong.
⁴ Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 IED, UK.
⁵ School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

Abstract

Redox regulation is a fundamental physiological phenomenon related to oxygen-dependent metabolism, and skeletal muscle is mainly regarded as a primary site for oxidative phosphorylation. Several studies have revealed the importance of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in the signaling process relating to muscle adaptation during exercise. To date, improving knowledge of redox signaling in modulating exercise adaptation has been the subject of comprehensive work and scientific inquiry. The primary aim of this review is to elucidate the molecular and biochemical pathways aligned to RONS as activators of skeletal muscle adaptation and to further identify the interconnecting mechanisms controlling redox balance. We also discuss the RONS-mediated pathways during the muscle adaptive process, including mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle remodeling, vascular angiogenesis, neuron regeneration, and the role of exogenous antioxidants.

Keywords: Biological sciences; Cell biology; Cellular physiology; Molecular physiology.

Publication types

Review