Coronavirus Disease 2019: Past, Present, and Future

Charlotte Page Wills; Berenice Perez; Justin Moore

doi:10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.002

Coronavirus Disease 2019: Past, Present, and Future

Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):415-442. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.002.

Authors

Charlotte Page Wills¹, Berenice Perez², Justin Moore²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Emergency Medicine, Alameda Health System, Wilma Chan Highland Hospital, Oakland, California, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA 94602, USA. Electronic address: cwills@alamedahealthsystem.org.
² Department of Emergency Medicine, Alameda Health System, Wilma Chan Highland Hospital, Oakland, California, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA 94602, USA.

PMID: 38641397
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.002

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is one of the most impactful diseases experienced in the past century. While the official national health emergency concluded in May of 2023, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to mutate. As the summer of 2023, all countries were experiencing a new surge of cases from the EG.5 Omicron variant. Additionally, a new genetically distinct Omicron descendant BA2.86 had been detected in multiple countries including the United States. This article seeks to offer lessons learned from the pandemic, summarize best evidence for current management of patients with COVID-19, and give insights into future directions with this disease.

Keywords: COVID variants; COVID-19; Features of COVID-19; Long COVID; MIS-C; SARS CoV-2; Treatment of COVID-19; Vulnerable populations.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19* / epidemiology
Humans
SARS-CoV-2

Supplementary concepts

SARS-CoV-2 variants