Research progress on optimization of in vitro isolation, cultivation and preservation methods of dental pulp stem cells for clinical application

Xinxin Wang; Fenyao Li; Shuting Wu; Wenbo Xing; Jiao Fu; Ruoxuan Wang; Yan He

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2024.1305614

Research progress on optimization of in vitro isolation, cultivation and preservation methods of dental pulp stem cells for clinical application

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Apr 3:12:1305614. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1305614. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Xinxin Wang^{1

2}, Fenyao Li^{1

2}, Shuting Wu^{1

2}, Wenbo Xing^{1

2}, Jiao Fu^{1

2}, Ruoxuan Wang^{1

2}, Yan He^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
² First Clinical College of the Ministry of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
³ Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China.
⁴ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Abstract

Due to high proliferative capacity, multipotent differentiation, immunomodulatory abilities, and lack of ethical concerns, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are promising candidates for clinical application. Currently, clinical research on DPSCs is in its early stages. The reason for the failure to obtain clinically effective results may be problems with the production process of DPSCs. Due to the different preparation methods and reagent formulations of DPSCs, cell characteristics may be affected and lead to inconsistent experimental results. Preparation of clinical-grade DPSCs is far from ready. To achieve clinical application, it is essential to transit the manufacturing of stem cells from laboratory grade to clinical grade. This review compares and analyzes experimental data on optimizing the preparation methods of DPSCs from extraction to resuscitation, including research articles, invention patents and clinical trials. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods and potential clinical applications are discussed, and factors that could improve the quality of DPSCs for clinical application are proposed. The aim is to summarize the current manufacture of DPSCs in the establishment of a standardized, reliable, safe, and economic method for future preparation of clinical-grade cell products.

Keywords: 3D cell culture; clinical application; cryopreservation; dental pulp stem cells; serum-free culture; stem cell property.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by the Wuhan University of Science and Technology startup fund (Chu Tian Scholars Program) (grant number X22020024), the open laboratory fund of Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration (grant number 2022kqhm005), and the Hubei Provincial Health and Health Commission Research Project (grant number WJ2023M121).