Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is the most specific marker of the myeloid lineage, essential for diagnosing acute myeloid leukemia and mixed phenotype acute leukemia with myeloid components. In this regard, we present a unique case of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with isolated MPO expression in bone marrow blasts detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, while peripheral blood blasts were negative for MPO expression. In this report, our discussion encompasses diagnostic pitfalls from a laboratory testing perspective in similar cases and includes a literature review. Furthermore, we emphasize the necessity of conducting a comprehensive analysis for the accurate diagnosis of MPO-positive B-ALL cases.
Keywords: B‐lymphoblastic leukemia; acute myeloid leukemia; bone marrow; flow cytometry; myeloperoxidase; peripheral blood.
© 2024 The Authors. eJHaem published by British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.