The effect of EGCG/tyrosol-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles on hyperglycemia and hepatic function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Ali Es-Haghi; Mozhgan Soltani; Masoud Homayouni Tabrizi; Maryam Karimi Noghondar; Niloufar Khatamian; Niloofar Barati Naeeni; Matin Kharaghani

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131496

The effect of EGCG/tyrosol-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles on hyperglycemia and hepatic function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Apr 16;267(Pt 2):131496. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131496. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ali Es-Haghi¹, Mozhgan Soltani², Masoud Homayouni Tabrizi², Maryam Karimi Noghondar³, Niloufar Khatamian², Niloofar Barati Naeeni², Matin Kharaghani²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: ashaghi@gmail.com.
² Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
³ Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

PMID: 38626839
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131496

Abstract

We aimed to study the potential of epigallocatechin-3-gallate/tyrosol-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles (EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs) in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. The EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs were created using the self-assembly method. Dynamic light scattering, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the nanoparticle. Furthermore, in streptozotocin-induced T2DM mice, treatment with EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs on fasting blood sugar levels, the expression of PCK1 and G6Pase, and IL-1β in the liver, liver glutathione content, nanoparticle toxicity on liver cells, and liver reactive oxygen species were measured. Our findings showed that EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs had a uniform size distribution, and encapsulation efficiencies of 84 % and 89.1 % for tyrosol and EGCG, respectively. The nanoparticles inhibited PANC-1 cells without affecting normal HFF cells. Furthermore, EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NP treatment reduced fasting blood sugar levels, elevated hepatic glutathione levels, enhanced liver cell viability, and decreased reactive oxygen species levels in diabetic mice. The expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes (PCK1 and G6 Pase) and the inflammatory gene IL-1β was downregulated by EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs. In conclusion, the EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs reduced hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation in diabetic mice. These findings suggest that EGCG/tyrosol-loaded C/L NPs could be a promising therapeutic option for type 2 diabetes management.

Keywords: Chitosan; Diabetes; Epigallocatechin-3-gallate; Lecithin; Mice; Nanoparticles; Tyrosol.