Post-polymerization of three-dimensional printing resin using a dental light curing unit

Ryan Jin Young Kim; Dong-Hwan Kim; Deog-Gyu Seo

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.028

Post-polymerization of three-dimensional printing resin using a dental light curing unit

J Dent Sci. 2024 Apr;19(2):945-951. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.028. Epub 2023 Aug 7.

Authors

Ryan Jin Young Kim¹, Dong-Hwan Kim², Deog-Gyu Seo³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dental Science, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
² Seoul Gospel Dental Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³ Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Background/purpose: In vat photopolymerization, post-polymerization of the three-dimensional (3D) printing resin is necessary to ensure the optimum physical properties of the printed objects. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of a handheld polywave light-emitting diode (LED) dental light-curing unit (LCU) for post-polymerizing 3D printed resins by measuring the microhardness and biaxial flexural strength of the post-polymerized resin.

Material and methods: 3D printed 1- and 2-mm-thick disks were irradiated with a dental LCU at 3200 mW/cm². Post-polymerization was repeated either on one side from the top surface: two cycles (T2), four cycles (T4), and eight cycles (T8), or on both sides from the top and bottom surfaces: one cycle (T1B1), two cycles (T2B2), and four cycles (T4B4) for each side. The microhardness and biaxial strength of the disks were compared to those post-polymerized by a conventional desktop polymerizing unit (PC) and those without post-polymerization (NC).

Results: Microhardness of the disks varied between the top and bottom surfaces of the 1-mm and 2-mm-thick disks, depending on the post-polymerization methods. T8 and T4B4 produced comparable microhardness on the top surface to PC for both thicknesses. In contrast, PC, T2B2, and T4B4 exhibited the highest microhardness on the bottom surface. Except for NC, the 1-mm-thick disks had a higher biaxial flexural strength than the 2-mm-thick disks. T4B4 resulted in the highest biaxial flexural strength for both thicknesses, which was comparable to that of the desktop polymerizing unit.

Conclusion: The microhardness and biaxial flexural strengths of the post-polymerized 3D-printed disks increase with polymerization time. With sufficient polymerization from both sides, the polywave LCU has the potential to be a viable alternative to desktop polymerization units.

Keywords: Biaxial flexural strength; Light curing unit; Microhardness; Post-polymerization; Three-dimensional printing.