Efficient tunable white emission and multiple reversible photoluminescence switching in organic Tin(IV) chlorides via regulating the host lattice environment of antimony ions for multifunctional applications

Linghang Kong; Hui Peng; Qilin Wei; Qihua Liang; Jialong Zhao; Bingsuo Zou

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.052

Efficient tunable white emission and multiple reversible photoluminescence switching in organic Tin(IV) chlorides via regulating the host lattice environment of antimony ions for multifunctional applications

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2024 Jul 15:666:560-571. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.052. Epub 2024 Apr 9.

Authors

Linghang Kong¹, Hui Peng², Qilin Wei³, Qihua Liang¹, Jialong Zhao¹, Bingsuo Zou⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, and School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, and School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China. Electronic address: penghuimaterial@163.com.
³ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, and School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China. Electronic address: zoubs@gxu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38613978
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.052

Abstract

The host lattice environments of Sb³⁺ has a great influence on its photophysical properties. Here, we synthesized three zero-dimensional organic metal halides of (TPA)₂SbCl₅ (1), Sb³⁺-doped (TPA)SnCl₅(H₂O)·2H₂O (Sb³⁺-2), and Sb³⁺-doped (TPA)₂SnCl₆ (Sb³⁺-3). Compared with the intense orange emission of 1, Sb³⁺-3 has smaller lattice distortion, thus effectively suppressing the exciton transformation from singlet to triplet self-trapped exciton (STE) states, which makes Sb³⁺-3 has stronger singlet STE emission and further bring a white emission with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of 93.4%. Conversely, the non-emission can be observed in Sb³⁺-2 even though it has a similar [SbCl₅]^2- structure to 1, which should be due to its indirect bandgap characteristics and the effective non-radiative relaxation caused by H₂O in the lattice. Interestingly, the non-emission of Sb³⁺-2 can convert into the bright emission of Sb³⁺-3 under TPACl DMF solution treatment. Meanwhile, the white emission under 315 nm excitation of Sb³⁺-3 can change into orange emission upon 365 nm irradiation, and the luminescence can be further quenched by the treatment of HCl. Therefore, a triple-mode reversible luminescence switch of off-on^I-on^II-off can be achieved. Finally, we demonstrated the applications of Sb³⁺-doped compounds in single-component white light illumination, latent fingerprint detection, fluorescent anti-counterfeiting, and information encryption.

Keywords: Host lattice environment; Multifunctional applications; Sb(3+)-doped; Sn(IV)-based metal halide; Tunable white emission.