Moderating and mediating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences among college students

BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Apr 12;24(1):273. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05719-x.

Abstract

Background: Extensive literature revealed that childhood trauma serves as a significant risk factor for developing psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among the general population. Resilience has been regarded as a protective factor against PLEs. However, it remains unclear what role resilience plays in the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs.

Methods: A total of 4302 college students completed the web-based survey in January 2021. Participants completed self-report measures of sample characteristics variables, childhood trauma, and PLEs. Moderation and mediation analyses were adopted to examine the associations linking childhood trauma, resilience, and PLEs.

Results: PLEs were positively associated with childhood trauma while negatively associated with resilience. Resilience played a partially mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs. Additionally, resilience moderated the association of childhood trauma with PLEs.

Conclusions: These findings indicated that resilience plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs, suggesting the potential clinical implication of enhancing resilience for the prevention and intervention of PLEs among college students.

Keywords: Childhood trauma; College students; Mediation; Moderation; Psychotic-like experiences; Resilience.

MeSH terms

  • Adverse Childhood Experiences*
  • Humans
  • Mental Disorders*
  • Protective Factors
  • Resilience, Psychological*
  • Students