Diagnostic accuracy of a novel ultrasound imaging index for knee osteoarthritis: Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values

Takeharu Kiso; Yukinori Okada; Satoru Kawata; Kouta Shichiji; Eiichiro Okumura; Noritaka Hatsumi; Ryohei Matsuura; Masaki Kaminaga; Hikaru Kuwano; Erika Okumura

doi:10.1002/jcu.23691

Diagnostic accuracy of a novel ultrasound imaging index for knee osteoarthritis: Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values

J Clin Ultrasound. 2024 Apr 12. doi: 10.1002/jcu.23691. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Takeharu Kiso^{1

2}, Yukinori Okada³, Satoru Kawata^{4

5}, Kouta Shichiji¹, Eiichiro Okumura⁴, Noritaka Hatsumi¹, Ryohei Matsuura¹, Masaki Kaminaga¹, Hikaru Kuwano¹, Erika Okumura^{6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, Medical Corporation Seireikai Tachikawa Memorial Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan.
² Graduate School of Medicine, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-shi, Mie, Japan.
³ Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
⁴ Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki, Japan.
⁵ Postdoctoral Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
⁶ Department of Radiology, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
⁷ Master of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka-shi, Mie, Japan.

PMID: 38608151
DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23691

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to develop and validate a new ultrasonography (US) index for the diagnosis of primary medial-type knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: In total, 156 patients (203 limbs) underwent standing knee radiography and the US for suspected knee OA. Total osteophyte height (TOH) and distance between bones (DBB) aided diagnosis. Logistic regression identified optimal cutoff values. Thresholds from logistic regression informed recipient operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, balancing sensitivity and specificity. These thresholds were then applied in the differential thermal analysis (DTA) to construct a 2 × 2 table.

Results: The TOH-DBB index showed that a DBB of 5.6 mm or less was required to diagnose primary medial-type knee arthropathy. The results in the 2 × 2 table were 41 true-positive (TP), 10 false negative (FN), 22 true-negative (TN), and 7 false positive (FP). A DBB of 5.6 mm or less and TOH of 4.7 mm or more were necessary to diagnose severe deformity. The results in the 2 × 2 table were 10 TP, 4 FN, 23 TN, and 4 FP.

Conclusion: The TOH-DBB index was confirmed to capture changes in primary medial-type knee OA across various stages.

Keywords: knee joint; osteoarthritis; osteophytes; ultrasonography.