Preferences for a community pharmacy-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery program: A discrete choice experiment

Swarnali Goswami; John P Bentley; Minsoo Kang; Kaustuv Bhattacharya; Marie Barnard

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2024.102091

Preferences for a community pharmacy-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery program: A discrete choice experiment

J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2024 Apr 9:102091. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.102091. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Swarnali Goswami, John P Bentley, Minsoo Kang, Kaustuv Bhattacharya, Marie Barnard

PMID: 38604477
DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.102091

Abstract

Background: Community pharmacies are ideal venues for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. Pharmacists and pharmacy-based PrEP delivery programs have the potential to improve access.

Objectives: This study elicited preferences for attributes of a hypothetical community pharmacy-based PrEP delivery program among US men who have sex with men (MSM) and assessed predictors of their preferences.

Methods: Data were collected via a cross-sectional anonymous survey of US MSM, who were aged 18-65 years, not transgender, reported HIV status negative/unknown, and PrEP eligible. A discrete choice experiment was conducted with seven attributes of a pharmacy-based PrEP program: initial PrEP eligibility screening mode, location for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests, timing for HIV test results, PrEP decision-making style, location of PrEP consultations, PrEP medication fill method, and mode for ongoing monitoring. Latent class analysis was performed to analyze preference heterogeneity. Multinomial logistic regression assessed predictors of latent class membership.

Results: This study included 390 MSM. Time to receive HIV test results was the most important attribute; receiving results on the same day had the highest preference. The next most important attribute was PrEP screening mode; online questionnaires were the most preferred. Respondents' preferences clustered into four classes: 1) "Same day results and online monitoring" (SDROM) group (63.1%), 2) "Consumerist decision-making" (CDM) group (16.2%), 3) "Self-screening (online questionnaire)" (SOQ) group (11.3%), and 4) "Same day results preferring" (SDRP) group (9.5%). Hispanic MSM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.12-0.84], P = 0.020), MSM of other races (aOR=0.38, 95% CI [0.15-0.97], P = 0.044) vs. White MSM; and those having a sexually transmitted disease recently (aOR=0.37, 95% CI [0.16-0.85], P = 0.018), had lower odds of being in the CDM group vs. the SDROM group.

Conclusions: MSM's preferences for a pharmacy-based PrEP program are heterogeneous. Same day results for HIV tests and online PrEP screening are key components when designing a community pharmacy-based PrEP program.