Ivermectin performance in horses diagnosed with equine endocrine disorders

M K Nielsen; C A Finnerty; N E Ripley; A E Page; M E McClendon; A A Adams

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110182

Ivermectin performance in horses diagnosed with equine endocrine disorders

Vet Parasitol. 2024 Apr 5:328:110182. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110182. Online ahead of print.

Authors

M K Nielsen¹, C A Finnerty², N E Ripley², A E Page², M E McClendon², A A Adams²

Affiliations

¹ Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd, Lexington, KY 40503, USA. Electronic address: martin.nielsen@uky.edu.
² Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.

PMID: 38603925
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110182

Abstract

Anthelmintic performance against equine cyathostomins can be evaluated by two different non-terminal measures; the Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) and the Egg Reappearance Period (ERP). Most available FECRT and ERP data have been determined in populations of young horses, and very little information is available from mature and senior horses. Furthermore, it is unknown how commonly occurring equine endocrine disorders such as Insulin dysregulation (ID) and Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) may interfere with these measurements, but it has been suggested that horses with these conditions could be more susceptible to parasitic infections. A research population of senior horses and horses with or without PPID, ID, or both were enrolled in this study. All strongylid egg count positive horses were included in an ivermectin (200 μg/kg) efficacy study. These were distributed among the following groups: ID: six, PPID: three, PPID and ID: seven, and healthy controls: three. Strongylid fecal egg counts were determined on the day of ivermectin administration, at two weeks post deworming, and on weekly intervals until eight weeks post treatment. Determination of FECRT and ERP were carried out following World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology guidelines. Results revealed high ivermectin efficacy with mean egg count reduction at 99.7% or above in all groups at two weeks post treatment. Egg reappearance was documented at six and seven weeks in the ID and PPID/ID groups, respectively, whereas the PPID and healthy control groups both had ERP at 8 weeks. Statistical analysis found no significant differences in egg count levels between groups during the study. The expected ERP for ivermectin is 8-10 weeks, meaning that two of the groups displayed shortened ERPs. However, due to the small group sizes, these data should be interpreted with caution. Nonetheless, results do indicate a need for further investigation of the possible influence of endocrine disorders on anthelmintic performance in horses.

Keywords: Anthelmintic; Cyathostomin; Efficacy; Egg reappearance period; Treatment.