Targeting PRAME for acute myeloid leukemia therapy

Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 26:15:1378277. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378277. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Despite significant progress in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), clinical outcomes are disappointing for elderly patients, patients with less fit disease characteristics, and patients with adverse disease risk characteristics. Over the past 10 years, adaptive T-cell immunotherapy has been recognized as a strategy for treating various malignant tumors. However, it has faced significant challenges in AML, primarily because myeloid blasts do not contain unique surface antigens. The preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer-testis antigen, is abnormally expressed in AML and does not exist in normal hematopoietic cells. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that PRAME is a useful target for treating AML. This paper reviews the structure and function of PRAME, its effects on normal cells and AML blasts, its implications in prognosis and follow-up, and its use in antigen-specific immunotherapy for AML.

Keywords: PRAME; acute myeloid leukemia; adoptive T-cell therapy; immunotherapy; leukemia-associated antigen; minimal residual disease.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antigens, Neoplasm*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / therapy
  • Leukocytes
  • Male
  • Prognosis
  • T-Lymphocytes

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • PRAME protein, human

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was funded by the 1·3·5 project for Disciplines of Excellence–Clinical Research Incubation Project, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 2022HXFH040) to HBM.