"I Wonder if my Years of Training and Expertise Will be Devalued by Machines": Concerns About the Replacement of Medical Professionals by Artificial Intelligence

Moustaq Karim Khan Rony; Mst Rina Parvin; Md Wahiduzzaman; Mitun Debnath; Shuvashish Das Bala; Ibne Kayesh

doi:10.1177/23779608241245220

"I Wonder if my Years of Training and Expertise Will be Devalued by Machines": Concerns About the Replacement of Medical Professionals by Artificial Intelligence

SAGE Open Nurs. 2024 Apr 7:10:23779608241245220. doi: 10.1177/23779608241245220. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.

Authors

Moustaq Karim Khan Rony^{1

2}, Mst Rina Parvin³, Md Wahiduzzaman⁴, Mitun Debnath⁵, Shuvashish Das Bala⁶, Ibne Kayesh^{2

7}

Affiliations

¹ Master of Public Health, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
² Institute of Social Welfare and Research, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
³ Armed Forces Nursing Service, Major at Bangladesh Army (AFNS Officer), Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
⁴ School of Medical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
⁵ Master of Public Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
⁶ College of Nursing, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
⁷ Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Abstract

Background: The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare has raised concerns among healthcare professionals about the potential displacement of human medical professionals by AI technologies. However, the apprehensions and perspectives of healthcare workers regarding the potential substitution of them with AI are unknown.

Objective: This qualitative research aimed to investigate healthcare workers' concerns about artificial intelligence replacing medical professionals.

Methods: A descriptive and exploratory research design was employed, drawing upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Technology Threat Avoidance Theory, and Sociotechnical Systems Theory as theoretical frameworks. Participants were purposively sampled from various healthcare settings, representing a diverse range of roles and backgrounds. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group discussions, followed by thematic analysis.

Results: The analysis revealed seven key themes reflecting healthcare workers' concerns, including job security and economic concerns; trust and acceptance of AI; ethical and moral dilemmas; quality of patient care; workforce role redefinition and training; patient-provider relationships; healthcare policy and regulation.

Conclusions: This research underscores the multifaceted concerns of healthcare workers regarding the increasing role of AI in healthcare. Addressing job security, fostering trust, addressing ethical dilemmas, and redefining workforce roles are crucial factors to consider in the successful integration of AI into healthcare. Healthcare policy and regulation must be developed to guide this transformation while maintaining the quality of patient care and preserving patient-provider relationships. The study findings offer insights for policymakers and healthcare institutions to navigate the evolving landscape of AI in healthcare while addressing the concerns of healthcare professionals.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; healthcare workers; patient outcomes; technologies.