Cytotoxic activity of bimetallic Ag@Se green synthesized nanoparticles using Jerusalem Thorn (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Hanaa A Hassanin; Amel Taha; Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim; Emad A Ahmed; Hisham Mohamed; Hoda Ahmed

doi:10.3389/fchem.2024.1343506

Cytotoxic activity of bimetallic Ag@Se green synthesized nanoparticles using Jerusalem Thorn (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Front Chem. 2024 Mar 25:12:1343506. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1343506. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Hanaa A Hassanin¹, Amel Taha^{2

3}, Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim^{4

5}, Emad A Ahmed^{4

6}, Hisham Mohamed^{7

8}, Hoda Ahmed^{4

9}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
² Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hufof, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
⁴ Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, India.
⁶ Lab of Molecular Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt.
⁷ Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Hufof, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agricultural, Giza, Egypt.
⁹ Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract

Introduction: The process of green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is considered to be eco-friendly and cost-effective. Methods: In this study, bimetallic Ag@Se-P and Ag@Se-S nanoparticles were synthesized successfully using Parkinsonia aculeata aerial parts and seed extracts. The phytochemical contents in P. aculeata aerial parts and seed aqueous extract serve as reducing and stabilizing capping agents without the need for any chemical stabilization additive in the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles. Result and Discussion: The obtained results from UV-vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the successful synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles with cluster irregular spherical morphology, crystalline nature, and average particle sizes of 17.65 and 24.36 nm for Ag@Se-S and Ag@Se-P, respectively. The cytotoxicity assessment of greenly synthesized nanomaterials using seed and plant extracts showed cell inhibition >50 μg/mL. Ag@Se-S and Ag@Se-P seed and plant extracts significantly reduced LPS-induced inflammation, which was assessed by NO and cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The mRNA and protein expression levels of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) were significantly overexpressed in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell lines. Ag@Se-S and Ag@Se-P downregulated the expression of PI3K and NFkB in LPS-induced cell models.

Keywords: Ag@Se nanoparticles; Parkinsonia aculeata L; RAW 264.7; bimetallic and nuclear factor kappa B; cytotoxicity; interleukin-1β; interleukin-6; phosphoinositide 3 kinase.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The authors acknowledge the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Faisal University for financial support under the Research Grants Project No. GRANT5,844.