The impact of vaccine-induced immune responses on host metabolite availability has not been well studied. Here we show prior vaccination alters the metabolic profile of mice challenged with Brucella melitensis. In particular, glucose levels were reduced in vaccinated mice in an antibody-dependent manner. We also found the glucose transporter gene, gluP, plays a lesser role in B. melitensis virulence in vaccinated wild-type mice relative to vaccinated mice unable to secrete antibodies. These data indicate vaccine-elicited antibodies protect the host in part by restricting glucose availability. Moreover, Brucella and other pathogens may need to employ different metabolic strategies in vaccinated hosts.
Keywords: Brucella; antibody; brucellosis; glucose; metabolism; vaccine.
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.