Silver vanadate nanomaterial incorporated into heat-cured resin and coating in printed resin - Antimicrobial activity in two multi-species biofilms and wettability

Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira; João Marcos Carvalho-Silva; Izabela Ferreira; Marco Antônio Schiavon; Andréa Cândido Dos Reis

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104984

Silver vanadate nanomaterial incorporated into heat-cured resin and coating in printed resin - Antimicrobial activity in two multi-species biofilms and wettability

J Dent. 2024 Apr 6:145:104984. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104984. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira¹, João Marcos Carvalho-Silva¹, Izabela Ferreira¹, Marco Antônio Schiavon², Andréa Cândido Dos Reis³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
² Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Brazil.
³ Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Electronic address: andreare73@yahoo.com.br.

PMID: 38583645
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104984

Abstract

Objectives: To incorporate the nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO₃) into denture base materials: heat-cured (HC) and 3D printed (3DP) resins, at concentrations of 2.5 %, 5 %, and 10 %; and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity in two multi-species biofilm: (1) Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans, (2) Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the wettability.

Methods: The AgVO₃ was added to the HC powder, and printed samples were coated with 3DP with AgVO₃ incorporated. After biofilm formation, the antimicrobial activity was evaluated by colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL), metabolic activity, and epifluorescence microscopy. Wettability was assessed by the contact angles with water and artificial saliva.

Results: In biofilm (1), HC-5 % and HC-10 % showed activity against S. mutans, HC-10 % against C. glabrata, and HC-10 % and 3DP-10 % had higher CFU/mL of C. albicans. 3DP-5 % had lower metabolic activity than the 3DP control. In biofilm (2), HC-10 % reduced S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and HC-5 %, 3DP-2.5 %, and 3DP-5 % reduced S. aureus. 3DP incorporated with AgVO₃, HC-5 %, and HC-10 % reduced biofilm (2) metabolic activity. 3DP-5 % and 3DP-10 % increased wettability with water and saliva.

Conclusion: HC-10 % was effective against C. glabrata, S. mutans, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, and HC-5 % reduced S. mutans and S. aureus. For 3DP, 2.5 % and 5 % reduced S. aureus. The incorporation of AgVO₃ into both resins reduced the metabolic activity of biofilms but had no effect on C. albicans. The wettability of the 3DP with water and saliva increased with the addition of AgVO₃.

Clinical significance: The incorporation of silver vanadate into the denture base materials provides antimicrobial efficacy and can prevent the aggravation of oral and systemic diseases. The incorporation of nanomaterials into printed resins is challenging and the coating is an alternative to obtain the inner denture base with antimicrobial effect.

Keywords: 3D printed resin; Antimicrobial agents; Biofilm; Heat-cured resin; Silver nanoparticles; Wettability.