Protobothrops jerdonii (Jerdon's pit viper) and Protobothrops himalayanus (Himalayan lance-headed pit viper) bites: Clinical report on envenomings from North-East India, managed through remote consultation by a national-level Poison control center

Toxicon. 2024 May 6:242:107704. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107704. Epub 2024 Mar 31.

Abstract

Members of the genus Protobothrops are amongst the more than twenty-eight range-restricted Indian pit viper species. Their bites and envenomings are rarely documented from India. Pit viper envenomings can be challenging to treat in the Indian setting, since available antivenoms do not satisfactorily neutralize their venoms. Herein, we present the first Indian reports on bites and envenoming by Protobothrops jerdonii and Protobothrops himalayanus resulting in local effects, coagulopathy and acute kidney injury in the case of the former and possible mild, isolated coagulopathy in the case of the latter; and discuss management-related challenges in the context of absent specific antivenoms.

Keywords: Indian polyspecific antivenom; Pit-vipers; Protobothrops himalayanus; Protobothrops jerdonii; Snakebite envenoming.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / therapy
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Antivenins* / therapeutic use
  • Crotalid Venoms*
  • Crotalinae*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Poison Control Centers*
  • Snake Bites* / therapy

Substances

  • Crotalid Venoms
  • Antivenins