Noise-induced hearing loss（NIHL） is an acquired sensorineural hearing loss induced by long-term noise exposure. The susceptibility of exposed people may vary even in the same noise environment. With the development of sequencing techniques, genes related to oxidative stress, immunoinflammatory, ion homeostasis, energy metabolism, DNA damage repair and other mechanisms in NIHL have been reported continuously. And some genes may interact with noise exposure indexes. In this article, population studies on NIHL-related gene polymorphisms and gene-environment interactions in the past 20 years are reviewed, aimed to providing evidence for the construction of NIHL-related risk prediction models and the formulation of individualized interventions.
摘要: 噪声性听力损失（noise-induced hearing loss，NIHL）是由长期噪声暴露导致的获得性进行性感音神经性听力损失。尽管在相同的噪声环境下，暴露人群也具有个体易感差异。随着测序技术的发展，NIHL中涉及氧化应激、免疫炎症、离子稳态、能量平衡、DNA损伤修复等机制的相关基因不断见诸报道，部分基因与噪声暴露指标存在交互作用。本文对近20年的NIHL相关基因多态性及基因-环境交互作用的人群研究进行综述，以期为NIHL风险预测模型构建及个性化干预制定提供依据。.
Keywords: gene-environment interactions; genetic factors; noise-induced hearing loss; single nucleotide polymorphisms.
Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.