Sexual dimorphism of circadian liver transcriptome

Artem A Astafev; Volha Mezhnina; Allan Poe; Peng Jiang; Roman V Kondratov

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109483

Sexual dimorphism of circadian liver transcriptome

iScience. 2024 Mar 12;27(4):109483. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109483. eCollection 2024 Apr 19.

Authors

Artem A Astafev^{1

2}, Volha Mezhnina^{1

2}, Allan Poe^{1

2}, Peng Jiang^{1

2

3

4}, Roman V Kondratov^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
² Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
³ Center for Applied Data Analysis and Modeling (ADAM), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
⁴ Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism affects various aspects of physiology, metabolism and longevity. Circadian clock is a master regulator of metabolism. Anti-aging dietary interventions reprogram circadian transcriptome in the liver and other tissues, but little is known about sexual dimorphism of circadian transcriptome. We compared circadian transcriptomes in the liver of male and female mice on ad libitum (AL) and 30% caloric restriction (CR) diets. We found that AL female mice had a larger number of oscillating genes than male mice, and the portion of the transcriptome with sex-specific rhythms displayed phase difference. We found that CR increased the number of oscillating genes in both sexes and strongly synchronized the transcriptome without complete elimination of sex dimorphism in rhythms. Sex also had an effect on the response of the rhythms to CR. Gene ontology analysis revealed sex-specific signatures in metabolic pathways, which suggests a complex interaction of sex, circadian rhythms, and diet.

Keywords: Developmental biology; Diet; Model organism; Nutrition in life cycle; Transcriptomics.