MicroRNAs in maxillofacial bone modeling and remodeling: implications for malocclusion development and orthodontic treatment

Baike Chen; Yuxin Zhang; Ousheng Liu

doi:10.3389/fcell.2024.1355312

MicroRNAs in maxillofacial bone modeling and remodeling: implications for malocclusion development and orthodontic treatment

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Mar 13:12:1355312. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1355312. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Baike Chen¹, Yuxin Zhang¹, Ousheng Liu¹

Affiliation

¹ Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care and Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health and Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Abstract

Modeling and remodeling are essential processes in the development and refinement of maxillofacial bones. Dysregulated bone modeling during the developmental stage may lead to maxillofacial bone malformations and malocclusion. Bone remodeling under mechanical loading serves as the biological basis for orthodontic treatment. Although previous reviews have indicated the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bone metabolism, their roles in orchestrating maxillofacial bone modeling and remodeling remain unclear. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the morphogenesis and development of maxillofacial bones, as well as their implications for maxillofacial malformations and malocclusion. Moreover, miRNAs participating in maxillofacial bone remodeling and their impacts on cell mechanosensing are also summarized. Given the intricate interplay of cells and signaling pathways, exosomal miRNAs emerge as the orchestrators of the modeling and remodeling processes. The diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of miRNAs are also highlighted in this review for future clinical applications.

Keywords: bone modeling; bone remodeling; malocclusion; maxillofacial bone; miRNA; orthodontic treatment.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC2402900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82201134), the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (No. 2022RC1213), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2023JJ40880), and the Postgraduate research and innovation projects of Central South University (Nos 2023ZZTS0233 and 2024ZZTS0919).