Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pain and inflammatory response in soft tissues using healing and prosthetic abutments of different diameters and lengths. Methods: The study population was rehabilitated with Astra Tech EV single implants (Dentsply Sirona, Atlantis, Dentsply Sirona S.A., Barcelona, Spain) of 4.2 and 4.8 millimetres in diameter in the upper and lower maxilla and loaded with custom abutments digitally designed using Dentsply Sirona's Virtual Atlantis Design software (Atlantis WebOrder, Dentsply Sirona S.A., Barcelona, Spain), version 4.6.5. The custom abutments had a larger diameter than the healing abutments to evaluate for biomarkers through ELISA. Results: Rehabilitations in the mandible and with healing abutments with diameters less than 4.29 mm and rehabilitators with diameters less than 2.18 mm elicited a higher pain and inflammatory response and, in turn, higher interleukin-1β values. Conclusions: Greater inflammation was evident in cases in which healing abutments with reduced diameter were used compared to the same subsequent rehabilitation with prosthetic abutments with larger diameters.
Keywords: CAD-CAM; dental implant abutment design; dental implants; interleukin-1β; peri-implant crevicular fluid.