Role of dendritic cells in spinal cord injury

Abstract

Background: Inflammation can worsen spinal cord injury (SCI), with dendritic cells (DCs) playing a crucial role in the inflammatory response. They mediate T lymphocyte differentiation, activate microglia, and release cytokines like NT-3. Moreover, DCs can promote neural stem cell survival and guide them toward neuron differentiation, positively impacting SCI outcomes.

Objective: This review aims to summarize the role of DCs in SCI-related inflammation and identify potential therapeutic targets for treating SCI.

Methods: Literature in PubMed and Web of Science was reviewed using critical terms related to DCs and SCI.

Results: The study indicates that DCs can activate microglia and astrocytes, promote T-cell differentiation, increase neurotrophin release at the injury site, and subsequently reduce secondary brain injury and enhance functional recovery in the spinal cord.

Conclusions: This review highlights the repair mechanisms of DCs and their potential therapeutic potential for SCI.

Keywords: dendritic cells; immune regulation; neuroprotection; neurotrophic factors; spinal cord injury.