Mound abundance, the livelihood impacts and determinant factors of termites in Meta Robi district, central Ethiopia

Abstract

This study aimed to assess mound abundance, the livelihood impacts of termites, and determinant factors in the Meta Robi District, Ethiopia. A descriptive research design was used for primary data collection from the three selected kebeles. Termite nests were counted from each Goxi (the sub-kebele and the smallest unit in Ethiopia) using a transect line. In addition, 190 household heads were selected randomly from each kebele, and a questionnaire survey was used to collect primary data from the respondents. Termite nests were abundant in Warabo (7.25.71 per 1000 m²), but scarce in Warke Walensu Kebele (2.25.50 per 1000 m²). Teff (49.5%) and wheat (32.6%) were the most severely affected crops by termites. The mean annual hectare of land and quintals of teff and wheat damaged per household was higher in Warabo Kebele (p < 0.05). The annual economic loss from termites in crops was higher in Warabo (4722.23 ± 869.67 ETB and 4396.43 ± 852.65 ETB from teff and wheat per household, respectively). Agroecology, deforestation, overgrazing, and crop types were the factors that determined termite abundance and its impact on farmers' livelihoods. Mound opening and smoking are the management methods currently used, but no government support exists. Therefore, integrated and effective termite pest management is critical for long-term food security in the study area.

Keywords: Crop damage; Livelihood impact; Meta Robi district; Mound abundance; Termite.