A systematic analysis on global epidemiology and burden of foot fracture over three decades

Cheng Chen; Jin-Rong Lin; Yi Zhang; Tian-Bao Ye; Yun-Feng Yang

doi:10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.001

A systematic analysis on global epidemiology and burden of foot fracture over three decades

Chin J Traumatol. 2024 Mar 7:S1008-1275(24)00027-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.001. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Cheng Chen¹, Jin-Rong Lin², Yi Zhang¹, Tian-Bao Ye³, Yun-Feng Yang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
² Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
³ Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth Peoples Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China. Electronic address: yetb0220@163.com.
⁴ Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China. Electronic address: dr_yangyf123@163.com.

PMID: 38508908
DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.001

Abstract

Purpose: To comprehensively analyze the geographic and temporal trends of foot fracture, understand its health burden by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI), and explore its leading causes from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: The datasets in the present study were generated from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019, which included foot fracture data from 1990 to 2019. We extracted estimates along with the 95% uncertainty interval (UI) for the incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of foot fracture by location, age, gender, and cause. The epidemiology and burden of foot fracture at the global, regional, and national level was exhibited. Next, we presented the age and sex patterns of foot fracture. The leading cause of foot fracture was another focus of this study from the viewpoint of age, sex, and location. Then, Pearson's correlations between age-standardized rate (ASR), SDI, and estimated annual percentage change were calculated.

Results: The age-standardized incidence rate was 138.68 (95% UI: 104.88 - 182.53) per 100,000 persons for both sexes, 174.24 (95% UI: 134.35 - 222.49) per 100,000 persons for males, and 102.19 (95% UI: 73.28 - 138.00) per 100,000 persons for females in 2019. The age-standardized YLDs rate was 5.91 (95% UI: 3.58 - 9.25) per 100,000 persons for both genders, 7.35 (95% UI: 4.45 - 11.50) per 100,000 persons for males, and 4.51 (95% UI: 2.75 - 7.03) per 100,000 persons for females in 2019. The global incidence and YLDs of foot fracture increased in number and decreased in ASR from 1990 to 2019. The global geographical distribution of foot fracture is uneven. The incidence rate for males peaked at the age group of 20 - 24 years, while that for females increased with advancing age. The incidence rate of older people was rising, as younger age incidence rate declined from 1990 to 2019. Falls, exposure to mechanical forces, and road traffic injuries were the 3 leading causes of foot fracture. Correlations were observed between ASR, estimated annual percentage change, and SDI.

Conclusions: The burden of foot fracture remains high globally, and it poses an enormous public health challenge, with population ageing. It is necessary to allocate more resources to the high-risk populations. Targeted realistic intervention policies and strategies are warranted.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Foot fracture; Global burden of disease; Incidence; Years lived with disability.