Association Between Anterior Hip Capsule Thickening and Sagittal Pelvic Alignment Among Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Koji Yoshikawa; Tatsuya Tamaki; Tetsuya Kimura; Yuji Matsumoto; Ryunosuke Endo; Eiki Tsushima

doi:10.7759/cureus.54370

Association Between Anterior Hip Capsule Thickening and Sagittal Pelvic Alignment Among Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Cureus. 2024 Feb 17;16(2):e54370. doi: 10.7759/cureus.54370. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Authors

Koji Yoshikawa^{1

2}, Tatsuya Tamaki³, Tetsuya Kimura⁴, Yuji Matsumoto⁵, Ryunosuke Endo⁶, Eiki Tsushima²

Affiliations

¹ Physiotherapy, Naka Orthopedic Kyoto Saiin Rehabilitation Clinic, Kyoto, JPN.
² Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, JPN.
³ Orthopedic Surgery, Naka Orthopedic Kyoto Kitano Main Institution, Kyoto, JPN.
⁴ Orthopedic Surgery, Naka Orthopedic Kyoto Saiin Rehabilitation Clinic, Kyoto, JPN.
⁵ Physiotherapy, Naka Orthopedic Kyoto Kitano Main Institution, Kyoto, JPN.
⁶ Physiotherapy, Kensei Hospital, Hirosaki, JPN.

Abstract

Introduction: The pathogenesis and pathology of secondary osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip, which is mainly due to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), in Japan are obscure. There are some reports on the thickening of the hip capsule, but the relationship between the thickness of the hip capsule and the pelvic alignment due to hip deformity is not well known. This research investigated whether the capsular thickness of female DDH patients was related to pelvic alignment.

Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study included female patients aged 50-79 years (n=13) who had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to secondary hip OA with a background of DDH. The part of the hip capsule including the iliofemoral ligament was resected and measured directly with a digital caliper. The Sharp angle, center-edge (CE) angle, sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) were measured with an X-ray image to investigate the relationship between the capsular thickness and the pelvic posture.

Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a negative correlation between hip capsular thickness and Sharp angle (r=-0.57, p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the thickness of the hip capsule and the sagittal X-ray parameters including SS, PT, PI, LLA, and CE angle in the coronal plane.

Conclusion: The thickness of the hip capsule is moderately associated with the Sharp angle on the coronal plane. The results of this study suggest that the thickness of the joint capsule does not necessarily relate to the degenerative process among patients with DDH and the process can be complex to apply two-dimensional postural indices for the explanation.

Keywords: anterior pelvic tilt; caliper; ce angle; hip capsular thickness; hip capsule; pelvic incidence; sacral slope; sharp angle; total hip arthroplasty (tha).