Eco-Friendly CuO/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity study

Poonam Dwivedi; Abdul Malik; Hafiza Zumra Fatima Hussain; Indu Jatrana; Khalid Imtiyaz; M M Alam Rizvi; Md Mushtaque; Azhar U Khan; Mahboob Alam; Mohd Rafatullah

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27787

Eco-Friendly CuO/Fe₃O₄ Nanocomposite synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity study

Heliyon. 2024 Mar 8;10(6):e27787. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27787. eCollection 2024 Mar 30.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017 (Rajasthan) India.
² Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (DISTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
⁴ Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Millat College (A constituent colle ge of Lalit Narayan Mithila University), Darbhanga, Bihar, India.
⁶ Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, 123, Dongdaero, Gyeongju-si 780714, Republic of Korea.
⁷ Environmental Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.

Abstract

The current study report a convenient, simple, and low cost approach for the biogenic synthesis of CuO/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites (NCs) from pumpkin seeds extract and their vitro cytotoxicity. The characterization of finally obtained CuO/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites (NCs) performed using UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, GC-MS, SEM-EDX and TEM analysis. The formation and elemental analysis were determined using the energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis technique. The formation of rod-like monoclinic and spherical, having size range 5 nm-20 nm confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. Finally, the MTT assay of the synthesized composites was evaluated for toxicity against cancerous cell lines HCT-116 (Colon cancer cell) and A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma cell). The synthesized composite material showed moderate (IC₅₀ = 199 μg/mL) to low (IC₅₀ = 445 μg/mL) activity against HCT-116 and A549 cell lines, respectively.

Keywords: MTT-Assay; Nanocomposite; pumpkin seeds extract.