Advancing Soil Health: Challenges and Opportunities in Integrating Digital Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Machine Learning for Bioindicator Analysis

Affiliations

• ¹ Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
• ² The Cooperative Research Centre for High-Performance Soils, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
• ³ Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fjian 350108, China.
• ⁴ School of Computing, Mathematics and Engineering, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales 2795, Australia.
• ⁵ Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture (TIA), University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.