Fermented bamboo powder activates gut odorant receptors, and promotes intestinal health and growth performance of dwarf yellow-feathered broiler chickens

Rahmani Mohammad Malyar; Quanwei Wei; Linsong Hou; Shoura Hytham Elsaid; Yuanchao Zhang; Sayed Attaul Haq Banuree; Saifullah; Weisheng Zhou; Fangxiong Shi

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2024.103570

Fermented bamboo powder activates gut odorant receptors, and promotes intestinal health and growth performance of dwarf yellow-feathered broiler chickens

Poult Sci. 2024 May;103(5):103570. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103570. Epub 2024 Feb 17.

Authors

Rahmani Mohammad Malyar¹, Quanwei Wei², Linsong Hou³, Shoura Hytham Elsaid³, Yuanchao Zhang⁴, Sayed Attaul Haq Banuree⁵, Saifullah³, Weisheng Zhou⁶, Fangxiong Shi³

Affiliations

¹ College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Veterinary Science Faculty, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, 2601, Nangarhar, Afghanistan.
² College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address: weiquanwei@njau.edu.cn.
³ College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
⁴ Research Institute of Global 3E, Kyoto 602-8452, Japan.
⁵ Veterinary Science Faculty, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, 2601, Nangarhar, Afghanistan.
⁶ Research Institute of Global 3E, Kyoto 602-8452, Japan; College of Policy Science, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan.

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of fermented bamboo powder (FPB) on gut odorant receptors (OR), intestinal health, and growth performance of dwarf yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Six hundred (600) healthy 1-day-old chicks were randomly assigned into 2 groups, with 10 replicates consisting of 30 chicks each. The control group was fed a basal diet. In contrast, the experimental group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 g/kg FBP for 4 different phases, namely phase I (1-22 d), phase II (23-45 d), phase III (46-60 d), and phase IV (61-77 d), respectively. The first 2 phases were considered pretreatment (0-45 d), and the remaining were experimental (46-77 d) periods. The tissue samples were collected from phase IV. The chickens in the FBP supplementation group exhibited a significant increment in body weight gain, evisceration yield, breast, thigh, and liver weight, while also experiencing a decrease in the FCR (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the villus height, crypt depth, and villus area exhibited significant increases in the FBP group (P < 0.01). Additionally, the secretion levels of gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, cholecystokinin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine were significantly elevated in the serum, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tissues in the FBP group (P < 0.05). The results of qRT-PCR indicated that ORs had responsive expression in the gizzard, proventriculus, and small intestine of chickens when fed with the FBP diet (P < 0.05). Notably, the expression of the COR1, COR2, COR4, COR6, COR8, COR9, OR52R1, OR51M1, OR1F2P, OR5AP2, and OR14J1L112 genes was stronger in the small intestines compared to the gizzard and proventriculus. In conclusion, these results suggest that the FPB plays a crucial role in growth performance, activation of ORs, and gut health and development.

Keywords: broiler chicken; fermented bamboo powder; gastrointestinal health; growth performance; odorant receptor.

MeSH terms

Animal Feed* / analysis
Animals
Bambusa / chemistry
Chickens* / growth & development
Chickens* / physiology
Diet* / veterinary
Dietary Supplements* / analysis
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Fermentation
Intestines / drug effects
Male
Powders / chemistry
Random Allocation*
Receptors, Odorant* / genetics
Receptors, Odorant* / metabolism
Sasa / chemistry

Substances

Receptors, Odorant
Powders